The historic importance of Chandni Chowk can never be denied. Chandni Chowk is one of the most historic thoroughfares of the world, which was planned by Princes Jahanara as he Moonlight Courtyard. Chandni Chowk stretched from the Lahore Gate of Lal Qila to the Fatehpur Masjid. It was 1389.8 meters long and 36.5 meters wide. … Read more

The tomb of Iltutmish was built in 1235 A.D. It is situated just outside the north-west corner of the Quwwat-ul-Islam near the Qutb Minar. The interior walls are decorated with elaborate the highly finished nament of great beauty. Fergusson considers the tomb to be “one of the richest examples of Hindu art applied to Mohammedan … Read more

The tomb of Sikandar Lodi is located in the southern-most side of the Lodi Gardens. It stands within an extensive walled enclosure, square in shape. It was built in 1517-18 A.D. by Ibrahim Lodi over the remains of his father, Sultan Sikandar Lodi. No kindly star shone over the kingdom of the Lodis, who throughout … Read more

Jantar Mantar is located in Parliament Street on the left as one goes from Connaught Place to Parliament House in New Delhi. It was built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II of Jaipur (1699-1743). Jai Singh was a keen astronomer. His scientific researches added luster to this name. In the Jantar Mantar there are six … Read more

Advent of Muslims in India: Latest excavation has established that Indo-Arab relations go back to 2500 B.C. Arabs had settled in southern India long before the preaching of Islam. Islam had brought about a revolution in the Arabian Peninsula but is not certain when the Muslims first arrived in India. Without doubt they must have … Read more

Introduction: India being a developing country, Iron and Steel Industry has a very important role to play. The manufacture of steel is regarded as one of the key industries. It is a prerequisite for modern industrial development. Large amounts of iron and steel is required for constructing bridges, rail tracts, railway rolling stock, ships, vehicles, various … Read more

What was the Diwani Rights? Diwani Rights were the rights granted to British East India Company to collect revenues and decide the civil cases. As soon as the war with Mir Qasim (also Mir Kasim) began, the British reinstituted Mir Jafar on the throne (1763-65). Mir Jafar died in 1765, succeeded by his minor son, … Read more

Tribal Revolts and Movements Tribals such as Chuars, Kols, Bhils, Santals, Oraons, Hoes, Hays, Manipuris and Garos organised uprisings against oppression by the English Company. 1. The Chuar Revolt: The Chuars lived in Jungle Mahal of north-western Midnapur. Basically farmers and hunters, they also worked as paiks under local zamindars. They received tax-free land instead … Read more

Bhakti Movement in India The essence of the Bhakti movement is the union of the human soul with supreme being through devotion. The Bhakti movement took off in southern India between the 7th and the 12th centuries A.D., nurtured by Saiva Nayanar and Vaishnava Alwar sects. It became a widespread movement in the 14th and … Read more

The history of ancient India becomes clearer since the times of Mahavira and Buddha, that is, in the 6th century B.C. North India or the Aryavarta, yet to be consolidated under a paramount power, had sixteen states or Mahajanapadas, as mentioned in the Buddhist Jatakas, Anguttara Nikaya, the Jain Bhagavati Sutra and the Hindu Puranas. … Read more